vouillon and f



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

F. VOUILLON AND F. TAVERNIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

MANUFACTURE 0F YARN.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 27,014, dated January 31, 1860.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that we FRANQoIs VOUILLON and FERDINAND TAvERNmR, of Paris, in the Department of the Seine and Empire of France, have invented a new and Improved Mode of Manufacturing Yarn by the Process of Felting; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawing andrto the letters of reference marked thereon.

Our invention consists in manufacturing yarn by the felting of the slivers, rovings, or fibrous laps produced by a wool comber, carding machine, or otherwise, without the use of any of the ordinary spinning machines. By this felting process, the hairs or fibers of which the sliver or lap is composed become so intimately intermixed and twisted together that the sliver is converted from a light Heeey ribbon into a thin smooth and strong yarn possessing the most favorable properties for use in the manufacture of textile fabrics.

In order to enable others to practice our invention we will now proceed to describe a mode of carrying it into effect which we have found most advantageous in practice.

On reference to the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification, Figure l, represents a plan view of a machine for the manufacture of yarn by the process of felting. Fig. 2 a vertical sect-ion of the same.

Similar letters refer to the same parts in both views.

In the opposite frames and fc of east iron or other suitable material, turn the journals of the rollers e c and CZ, in contact with which are a series of upper rollers c el and c2 of a larger diameter than' the lower rollers, and arranged in respect to the latter in the manner illustrated in Fig. E2. These upper rollers e, el, and e2 whose journals also turn in the opposite frames a and are entirely covered with muslin, and between the two series of rollers passes an endless apron g of muslin or other suitable material to which a proper degree of tension is imparted by the weighted roller L.

The spindles of the upper rollers are coupled together by a bar 0 insuch a manner that they can turn freely in the said bar but can have no longitudinal sliding movement in the frames independent of each other or the bar. In like manner the lower rollers are coupled together' by a bar K which Ais operated by an eccentric mon the shaft a., a similar eccentric j22.1011 the same shaft being arranged to operates-the coupling bar 0 and the upper rollers tolwhich it is connected.

The shaft a is hung to brackets attached to the frame as and is driven by a stra) passing round the pulley Q. A bevel whee u on the same shaft gears into a similar wheel on the shaft s which turns in the opposite frames a: and and which has a wheel 1/ and pulley t, a band from the latter passing round the pulley n2 on the spindle of one of the lower rollers a. As the shaftn revolves a longitudinal reciprocating motion is imparted to the upper and lower rollers by the eecentrics p and m the upper rollers moving together simultaneously with the lower rollers but the latter invariably in contrary directions to the former. At the same time a rotary motion is communicated to the spindle s and its reel y through the bevel wheels r and r', and from this spindle to the roller a through the pulleys t and a?, and the band passing around these pulleys. From the roller a a rotary motion is imparted to the whole of the upper and lower rollers and a transversing motion to the endless apron g.

The sliver or roving u from the carding machine or wool comber, passes between the rollers .r3 and m4, and between the upper muslin covered rollers e el and c2, and the endless apron which passes over the lower rollers; here the sliver is subjected to the pressure between the rollers and to the reciprocating motion of the latter by which it is rolled over and over, thereby intimately mixing the threads or fibers of which the sliver is composed and forming it into smooth and compact yarn which is wound round the wheel g/ ready to be used in the manufacture of woven or other textile fabrics.

The yarn manufactured by this process, not having been submitted to any stretching, contains in a condensed form all the material of the original sliver or roving, the size of the yarn depending upon the size of the sliver, and its compactness and strength .depending upon the pressure and friction 1mparted to it by the rollers, which may be so regulated, both as regards their number and the pressure as to felt the sliver into yarn of the requisite consistency for weft or warp and of the proper proportion and strength for knitted and other fabrics.

The felted yarn possesses many advantages to recommend it as a substitute for the stretched and twisted threads heretofore used in the manufacture of textile fabrics. It is very pliable, round, and smooth, and 1s made without any waste, and sufficientlyl strong for either warp or weft.

The operation of weaving fabrics from the felted yarn is much more rapid and easy than Vin weaving with the usual twisted thread, inasmuch as the felted yarn is lthicker and much lighter than twisted yarn.

The action of the fuller on the fabric made of felted yarn, is more prompt than on ordinary fabrics, as the whole of the wool in the former is in the best condition for being united in one solid mass.

Although we have described a machine for felting the slivers or rovingv of thready Inatters susceptible of being felted, we do not desire to limit'ourselves to the use of this machine only, but

We claim as our` invention and desire to 'secure by Letters Patent- 

